Ethnic background and being exposed to the epsteinbarr virus can affect the risk of nasopharyngeal cancer. Npc especially the endemic subtype is a radiosensitive tumor, and as its deepseated anatomic location limits a surgical approach, radiotherapy rt has been the mainstay and primary curative treatment modality. Rare types of nasopharyngeal cancer can also develop. Disease processes can spread to and from the nasopharynx through welldefined anatomic pathways. We report a case of mmm of the nasopharynx in a 56yearold male patient presenting with a polypoidal mass in the nasopharynx. The tumor is rare in most parts of the world but is strikingly common in several asian subpopulations, notably chinese in hong kong and guangdong province. Curiously, african children are more commonly affected than chinese children. They, along with other tumors of salivary gland origin, arise from the minor salivary glands in this region.
Nasopharyngeal cancer is a rare type of head and neck cancer. A comparison of staging systems for nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Introduction nasopharyngeal carcinoma npc is one of the most prevalent malignancies of head and neck in southeast asia and southern china, with a high incidence of about 2550105 individuals per year 12. To describe the clinical characteristics of the patients who suffered from relapse after conventional irradiation for nasopharyngeal carcinoma npc. There are about 65,000 new cases each year, and about 38,000 deaths. After treatment, the mass of nasopharynx visibly reduced. These include nasopharyngeal papillary adenocarcinoma and minor salivary gland carcinoma. Nasopharyngeal carcinoma npc is a distinct type of head and neck cancer, which is rare in the west and endemic in south china and southeast asia. Mr imaging with gddtpa 187 the purpose of this study was to describe our experience with gddtpaenhanced mr imaging in the evaluation of the most common nasopharyngeal tumors. Nasopharyngeal carcinoma npc, or nasopharynx cancer, is the most common cancer originating in the nasopharynx, most commonly in the posterolateral nasopharynx or pharyngeal recess fossa of rosenmuller, accounting for 50% of cases.
High incidence of nasopharyngeal carcinoma in asia clifton p. Nasopharyngeal carcinoma is an unusual neoplasm among squamous cell carcinomas of the head and neck. Benign and malignant tumors of the nasopharynx clinical gate. The nasopharynx is located at the crossroads between the skull base superiorly, the nasal cavity anteriorly, and the oropharynx inferiorly. It differs from other head and neck squamous cell carcinomas in epidemiology, histology, natural history, and response to treatment. Most often, nasopharyngeal cancer starts in the epithelial cells that line the inside of the nasopharynx. The nasopharynx is superior to the other two subdivisions of the pharynx, the oropharynx and hypopharynx. Nasopharyngeal carcinoma orphanet journal of rare diseases. The vast majority of applicable tumors are nasopharyngeal carcinomas, but other epithelial malignancies of the nasopharynx are included, such as minor salivary gland tumors. Two hundred twentyfive malignant tumors of the nasopharynx are analyzed with a detailed staging system for the primary tumor and neck nodes. The roof of the soft palate forms the inferior border of the nasopharynx and creates the junction between the nasopharynx and the oropharynx.
Imaging of nasopharyngeal carcinoma with intracranial extension p shereen chidhara1, a venkateshwaran2 1senior resident, department of radiodiagnosis, meenakshi medical college and research institute, kancheepuram, tamil nadu, india. The nasopharynx is that part of the nasal passage that lies above the free border of the soft palate. Typical american reports that describe the treatment of nasopharyngeal carcinoma include approximately 100 patients, 1, 2 and the recently terminated national intergroup trial for advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma accrued nasopharyngeal cancer staging refers to tnm staging of malignant tumors of the nasopharynx. Nasopharyngeal carcinoma npc is a unique disease with clinical behavior, epidemiology, and histopathology that is different from that of squamous cell carcinomas of the head and neck.
Extension of nasopharyngeal tumors, especially into the skull base and the deep facial spaces, is well illustrated on imaging. From basic information about cancer and its causes to indepth information on specific cancer types including risk factors, early detection, diagnosis, and treatment options youll find it here. Cells in nearly any part of the body can become cancer, and can spread to other areas. Three hundred and fiftyone consecutive patients with firsttime recurrent npc between january 1999 and july 2005 were included. The doctor will pass a thin flexible tube with a light at the end flexible endoscope into the nostril to look at the back of the nose. Results indicate that a lymphoepithelioma patients ha.
This is a retrospective analysis of 5037 patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the nasopharynx treated during. Knowing the structures and how the nasopharynx work will help an individual understand nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Signs of nasopharyngeal cancer include trouble breathing, speaking, or hearing. The anterior wall extends from the base of the skull to the upper surface of the soft palate. Sep 16, 2010 primary clear cell carcinoma of the nasopharynx is a rare and locally invasive minor salivary gland neoplasm, only two cases have been reported yet in the literature.
Although rare, npc accounts for about one third of childhood nasopharyngeal neoplasms. The nasopharynx is a roughly cuboidal open chamber located below the base of the skull and behind the nasal cavity. In some areas of china and southeast asia, nasopharyngeal cancers occur with a frequency that rivals lung cancer. Advances in systemic treatment for nasopharyngeal carcinoma. The nasopharynx is a cuboidal cavity formed by muscle and fascia with an epithelial mucosal covering.
Incidence is higher in the chinese and tunisian populations. Jun 26, 2006 nasopharyngeal carcinoma npc is a tumor arising from the epithelial cells that cover the surface and line the nasopharynx. Retrospective analysis of 5037 patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma treated during 19761985. It is by far the most common cancer in the nasopharynx.
Imaging of nasopharyngeal carcinoma with intracranial extension. Nov 01, 20 nasal cavity, paranasal sinuses, nasopharynx neuroendocrine carcinoma, including small cell carcinoma. Nasopharyngeal carcinoma india pdf ppt case reports. Squamous cell carcinoma of the nasopharyngeal mucosa, showing light microscopic or ultrastructural evidence of squamous differentiation one of two subtypes of nonkeratinizing nasopharyngeal carcinoma npc, according to who classification. The doctor will examine your mouth, throat, ears and will use a small lighted mirror to examine your nasopharynx. The focus of this chapter will be on nasopharyngeal carcinoma, with a brief overview of a few other lesions. Parts of the throat pharynx parts of the throat pharynx the throat pharynx is a muscular tube that runs from the back of your nose down into your neck. Nasopharyngeal carcinoma which is also known as nasopharyngeal cancer is a type of cancer on the neck and head that rarely occurs, but it could affect both males and females.
The nasopharynx includes the mucosal surfaces and structures of the cavity behind the nasal passages. Nasopharynx cancer an overview sciencedirect topics. It starts in the upper part of your throat, behind the nose. On its lateral walls the nasopharynx communicates with the right and left tympanic cavities by the eustachian tubes. Fortytwo patients with tumors of the nasopharynx and adjacent spaces had mr imaging before. The nasopharynx is made up of several layers containing different cells, and complication in each cell may result in either benign or malignant cancer, depending on the type of tumor. Current systemic treatment for nasopharyngeal carcinoma npc the optimal treatment of npc involves a multidisciplinary approach. Mucosal malignant melanoma mmm of the nasopharynx is extremely rare. Nasopharyngeal cancers are common in the pacific rim, northern africa, and the middle east. Nasopharyngeal cancer early detection, diagnosis, and staging. Nasopharyngeal carcinoma symptoms and causes mayo clinic. Pathology outlines nonkeratinizing nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Nasopharyngeal carcinoma npc most nasopharyngeal cancers are nasopharyngeal carcinoma npc. Nasopharynx helps a person to breathe even when the surrounding muscles flex.
Neuroendocrine carcinoma, including small cell carcinoma. It was increasing gradually and obstructing breathing. It starts in the nasopharynx, the upper part of the throat behind the nose and near the base of skull. Lee aw, foo w, law sc, poon yf, sze wm, o sk, tung sy, chappell r, lau wh, ho jh. The nasopharynx is the upper part of the throat pharynx that lies behind the nose. Computed tomography scan was suggestive of a malignant neoplasm in the nasopharynx.
Nov 27, 2007 nasopharyngeal carcinoma npc is primarily a tumor of adults with a peak occurrence between 40 and 60 years, although the tumor can occur in children. Department of radiation oncology, the first affiliated hospital, sun yatsen university, guangzhou 510080, p. Cancer starts when cells begin to grow out of control. Although rare in occurrence, benign nasopharyngeal cancer like angiofibromas and. Nasopharyngeal carcinoma is the predominant tumor type arising in the nasopharynx, the narrow tubular passage behind the nasal cavity. Nov 01, 2008 this presentation describes nasopharyngeal carcinoma slideshare uses cookies to improve functionality and performance, and to provide you with relevant advertising. Its insidious onset, local invasiveness, and potential for an early. Nasopharyngeal carcinoma, american joint committee on cancer, staging system, prognosis. Assessment of retropharyngeal and cervical lymphadenopathy is important for treatment planning.
Titcomb jr, md although nasopharyngeal carcinoma npc is a rare cancer in the united states, it is a leading cause of death in other countries. Nasopharyngeal cancer early detection, diagnosis, and staging 1. Nasopharyngeal carcinoma npc is a tumor arising from the epithelial cells that cover the surface and line the nasopharynx. The nasopharynx is precariously placed at the base of your skull, above the roof of your mouth. Clinical characteristics of recurrent nasopharyngeal. If you continue browsing the site, you agree to the use of cookies on this website. Research paper evaluation of 7th edition of ajcc staging. Mri is commonly used for monitoring patients after therapy. Nasopharyngeal carcinoma is a rare type of head and neck cancer. Approximately one third of nasopharyngeal carcinomas of the undifferentiated type are diagnosed in adolescents or young adults. Now a 57year man, with primary nasopharyngeal clear carcinoma, received radiotherapy and chemotherapy. Carcinoma is cancer that starts in the cells that line the internal and external surfaces of the body called epithelial cells. Association of chemoradiotherapy regimens and survival among patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma.
Nasopharyngeal cancer is a type of head and neck cancer. Adenocystic carcinoma of the sinonasal tract constitutes 20% of all adenoid cystic carcinomas of the head and neck. Carcinoma of the nasopharynx is an uncommon disease in the u. Nasopharyngeal carcinoma npc a tumour arising from the epithelial cells that cover the surface and line the nasopharynx. Although rare, npc accounts for one third of childhood nasopharyngeal neoplasms. This type of cancer is called nasopharyngeal carcinoma npc.
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